Spin systems
Formalism with pitfalls
Picture of a FID

General

In NMR spectroscopy, groups of nuclei (often groups of nuclei that couple with each other) are called spin systems. There is a nomenclature for their classification.

Pitfalls

Speaking about spin systems, the terms "chemical equivalence" and "magnetic equivalence" or non-equivalence are often discussed. What is meant by this terms?

Goals

Sometimes magnetically active nuclei are chemically non-equivalent or magnetically non-equivalent where this is not apparent at first glance and sometimes not even at third glance. This section focuses on such non-trivial examples.

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Examples